What is shearing in nursing?

Shearing is a common problem in nursing care, especially in patients who cannot move much. Shearing occurs when the skin moves in one direction while the underlying bone or tissue moves in another direction. This friction can cause the skin to tear or develop pressure ulcers. Shearing is most commonly seen in the lower back, heels, elbows, and shoulder blades.

Nurses can prevent shearing by repositioning the patient frequently and using pressure-reducing devices such as cushions or special beds. When moving a patient, it is important to lift them, rather than dragging or pulling them along the bed. Proper hygiene is also essential to reduce the risk of infection to the damaged skin.

If a patient develops a pressure ulcer or skin damage due to shearing, appropriate wound care should be provided. This may include cleaning the wound, applying dressings, and using topical medications to promote healing.

Overall, preventing shearing is an essential aspect of nursing care to ensure patient comfort and reduce the risk of complications.